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Temperature and Asphalt: A Guide

September 22, 2023

Asphalt, widely used in road construction, driveways, and parking lots, has made its mark as a durable and versatile construction material. Yet, like any other material, it isn't completely immune to the elements. Temperature plays a pivotal role in determining its longevity. But how exactly does weather, from scorching heatwaves to frigid polar vortexes, influence asphalt? Let's dive deep.

The Science Behind Asphalt

Before exploring the effects of temperature, understand what asphalt is. At its core, asphalt comprises a mixture of aggregates (like sand, gravel, or crushed stone) and a black, sticky substance known as bitumen. This combination results in a sturdy material that can withstand significant traffic loads. However, the bitumen, which acts as a binding agent, is sensitive to temperature variations.

The Impact of High Temperatures

In regions where the sun's rays can raise the mercury to high levels, asphalt can face several challenges:

Softening: Bitumen tends to get softer in high temperatures. As the asphalt softens, it loses its rigidity, making the surface more susceptible to rutting, especially in areas with heavy traffic.
Oxidation: Prolonged exposure to UV rays can lead to oxidation, making the asphalt brittle. Brittle asphalt can lead to surface cracks, which can grow and multiply if not addressed promptly.
Oil Evaporation: High temperatures can cause the essential oils in the asphalt to evaporate. This not only makes the asphalt dry but also reduces its flexibility, increasing susceptibility to cracking.

The Impact of Low Temperatures

Cold climates pose a different set of challenges for asphalt:

Contracting and Expanding: As temperatures drop, asphalt contracts. When temperatures rise again, it expands. This constant contraction and expansion cycle can lead to surface cracks. These cracks can allow water to seep in, further exacerbating the problem.
Freeze and Thaw Cycle: Water, as we know, expands when frozen. When water finds its way into cracks and then freezes, it exerts pressure on the asphalt, leading to more significant cracks or even potholes.
Loss of Flexibility: Cold temperatures can make the bitumen less flexible. This reduction in flexibility can cause the asphalt to crack under the pressure of heavy loads, especially if the foundation isn't strong.

The Impact of Temperatures In Between

It's not just the extremes that affect asphalt. Areas that experience fluctuating temperatures, swinging between hot and cold within short duration, can be especially challenging. The rapid changes don't give the asphalt adequate time to adjust, leading to accelerated wear and tear.

The Tips for Ensuring Longevity Despite the Weather

While we can't control the weather, certain measures can be adopted to enhance asphalt's durability:

Proper Installation: It all starts with the right installation. Ensuring the correct mixture of materials and ensuring proper compaction can make the asphalt resilient to temperature changes.
Sealcoating: Applying a sealcoat can act as a protective layer against UV rays, preventing oxidation. It also provides a waterproof barrier, ensuring that water doesn't seep into the cracks.
Timely Repairs: Addressing cracks and damages promptly can prevent them from worsening. Using crack fillers or patching up areas can save costs in the long run.
Drainage: Proper drainage ensures that water doesn't stay on the asphalt surface. Stagnant water can seep in, leading to a multitude of problems, especially in colder temperatures.

Asphalt, while robust and durable, remains at the mercy of fluctuating temperatures. Recognizing the challenges that different weather conditions present can help in adopting measures to prolong its lifespan. Proper maintenance, timely interventions, and understanding the science behind asphalt are crucial steps in ensuring that your pavement, whether it's a bustling highway or a quiet driveway, remains in top-notch condition for years to come.

Reach out to J&B Asphalt & Paving if you have any questions about how the weather impacts your new asphalt.

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Asphalt paving is important in constructing and maintaining roads, driveways, and parking lots. It is a low-cost, long-lasting material that withstands heavy traffic and extreme weather conditions. But a few common mistakes can be made when paving with asphalt, leading to a weak surface that only lasts for a short time. Here are some of the most common blunders to avoid when paving with asphalt. Inadequate Base Preparation The asphalt surface will probably crack and get holes over time if it is not leveled or packed down well. The base must be excavated to a specific depth and width before the asphalt can be laid. The base material should mix crushed stone, gravel, and sand to provide a stable and long-lasting foundation for the asphalt. Then, this material should be leveled and pressed down with a roller to make a smooth, stable asphalt surface. Using the Incorrect Asphalt Mix The asphalt mix is made by mixing asphalt cement with a certain amount of aggregate, such as crushed stone, gravel, or sand. The ratio of aggregate to asphalt cement will change based on how the surface will be used and how much traffic it will get. When the wrong mix is used, the surface becomes weaker and more prone to cracking and damage. A mix that is too heavy on aggregate and too light on asphalt cement, for example, will not provide enough stability and will crack under heavy traffic. A mix that is too heavy on the asphalt cement and too light on the aggregate, on the other hand, will be more prone to rutting and deformation. Not Properly Compacting the Asphalt After laying the asphalt, it should be compacted with a roller. Compacting the asphalt removes air pockets and ensures a smooth and stable surface. Asphalt that has not been properly compacted is more prone to cracking and shifting. Compaction should be done in multiple passes, beginning with a light pass to remove any air pockets, followed by heavier passes to ensure a smooth and stable surface. The installer should move the roller slowly to ensure the asphalt is properly packed. Leaving the Asphalt Unsealed Sealing the asphalt will protect it from the elements and extend its life. A seal coat is a thin layer of asphalt that is poured over the asphalt. This liquid asphalt layer will shield the surface from water, oil, and UV rays. If the asphalt is not sealed, it is more likely to crack and be damaged by water, oil, and UV rays. The seal coat should be applied a few months after asphalt installation to let the asphalt fully cure. Not Using a Professional Asphalt Contractor Hiring a contractor who isn't qualified or doesn't have enough experience can lead to bad work, a weak surface that doesn't last long, and even expensive repairs or complete repaving. However, a professional contractor will know how to prepare the foundation, use the right mix, pack down the asphalt, and seal it. Working with a professional contractor ensures all permits and inspections are in place and that the work is done according to local rules and codes. They will also have all the tools and resources they need to do the job well and quickly. Look no further than J & B Asphalt & Paving for professional asphalt paving services. Our skilled and experienced professionals are dedicated to delivering lasting, high-quality results. We take special care to ensure a smooth and long-lasting surface. In addition, our team is up to date on all requirements to ensure your work is done per local codes and regulations. Don't take any chances regarding your asphalt paving requirements. Contact us today to set up a consultation and learn more about how we can assist you with your next project.